政府监管下的医院医疗信息分享演化博弈分析

在分析政府监管下医院间医疗信息分享特征的基础上,结合我国当前正在推行的医联体医院间信息分享运作模式,引入梅特卡夫定律并考虑患者评价的影响,分析了监管部门与医院各自的利益组成,建立了监管部门与医院两者之间的演化博弈模型,并采用复制动态方程研究了不同情形下医院间信息分享的演化博弈轨迹。研究表明,政府通过监管并建立激励惩罚机制等引导措施对医院最终达到的演化稳定态具有极大影响;降低医院主体信息分享的风险成本、规范提高医院分享信息的质量、引导患者增强对医院信息分享的关注、制定有吸引力和威慑力的奖惩政策,是促进医院医疗信息分享的关键。研究结果可为政府监管部门预测医院间的信息分享趋势和制定精准化政策以促进分享提供参考。     

Quantum to classical crossover under dephasing effects in a two-dimensional percolation model

Scaling theory predicts complete localization in d = 2 in quantum systems belonging to the orthogonal class(i.e., with timereversal symmetry and spin-rotation symmetry). The conductance g behaves as g^exp(-L/l) with system size L and localization length l in the strong disorder limit. However, classical systems can always have metallic states in which Ohm’s law shows a constant g in d=2. We study a two-dimensional quantum percolation model by controlling dephasing effects. The numerical investigation of g aims at simulating a quantum-to-classical percolation evolution. An unexpected metallic phase, where g increases with L, generates immense interest before the system becomes completely classical. Furthermore, the analysis of the scaling plot of g indicates a metal-insulator crossover.     

基于CARS技术的超燃冲压发动机点火过程温度测量

相干anti-Stokes Raman散射（coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering，CARS）技术作为一种非接触测量手段，已广泛应用于多种发动机模型燃烧室温度测量及地面试验.然而，目前的工作主要集中在稳态燃烧场温度的测量，缺乏用高分辨率的单脉冲来测量瞬变的燃烧火焰温度及组分浓度的研究.基于CARS理论，结合多参数拟合算法，开发了基于MATLAB的CARS光谱计算和拟合程序CARSCF；利用McKenna平面火焰炉在不同工况下进行了温度测量，并与DLR测量结果进行对比，结果显示开发的CARSCF具有较高的测量重复性和准确性；最后将CARS技术应用于测量超燃冲压发动机点火过程中的温度测量，获取了点火过程中的温度.结果显示，在来流Mach数为3的条件下，H₂/air点火过程中温度呈现急剧上升然后缓慢下降，而CARS信号则呈现急剧上升然后急剧下降随后又缓慢上升的趋势，并且在点火过程中最高温度为1 511 K.      

Multi-stable quantum droplets in optical lattices

Nonlinear Dynamics - We address the nonlinear dynamics of binary Bose-Einstein condensates with mutually symmetric spinor components trapped in an optical lattice. The interaction between the...     

A Comparison of Two Isoreticular Metal–Organic Frameworks with Cationic and Neutral Skeletons: Stability,Mechanism, and Catalytic Activity

Although many ionic metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been reported, little is known about how the charge of the skeleton affects the properties of the MOF materials. Herein we report how the chemical stability of MOFs can be substantially improved through embedding electrostatic interactions in structure. A MOF with a cationic skeleton is impervious to extremely acidic, oxidative, reductive, and high ionic strength conditions, such as 12 m HCl (301 days), aqua regia (86 days), H₂O₂ (30 days), and seawater (30 days), which is unprecedented for MOFs. DFT calculations suggested that steric hinderance and the repulsive interaction of the cationic framework toward positively charged species in microenvironments protects the vulnerable bonds in the structure. Diverse functionalities can be bestowed by substituting the counterions of the charged framework with identically charged functional species, which broadens the horizon in the design of MOFs adaptable to a demanding environment with specific functionalities.     

Suppressing Strong Exciton–Phonon Coupling in Blue Perovskite Nanoplatelet Solids by Binary Systems

Quasi-two-dimensional (2D) perovskites are promising candidates for light generation owing to their high radiative rates. However, strong exciton–phonon interactions caused by mechanical softening of the surface act as a bottleneck in improving their suitability for a wide range of lighting and display applications. Moreover, it is not easily available to tune the phonon interactions in bulk films. Here, we adopt bottom-up fabricated blue emissive perovskite nanoplatelets (NPLs) as model systems to elucidate and as well as tune the phonon interactions via engineering of binary NPL solids. By optimizing component domains, the phonon coupling strength can be reduced by a factor of 2 driven by the delocalization of 2D excitons in out-of-plane orientations. It shows the picosecond energy transfer originated from the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiently competes with the exciton–phonon interactions in the binary system.     

Highly Specific,Single-step Cancer Cell Isolation with Multi-Aptamer-Mediated Proximity Ligation on Live Cell Membranes

A single-step method for isolation of specific cells based on multiple surface markers will have unique advantages because of its scalability, efficacy, and mildness. Herein, we developed multi-aptamer-mediated proximity ligation method on live cell membranes that leverages a multi-receptor co-recognition design for enhanced specificity, as well as a robust in situ signal amplification design for improved sensitivity of cell isolation. We demonstrated the promising efficacy of our method on differentiating tumor cell subtypes in both cell mixtures and clinical samples. Owing to its simple and fast operation with excellent cell isolation sensitivity and accuracy, this approach will have broad applications in biological science, biomedical engineering, and personalized medicine.     

一种基于序贯估计的直达声区水面舰船 被动测距方法 *

该文利用基于射线的盲解卷积方法，从直达声区的水面舰船噪声中提取出船和锚系于海底的垂直接收阵之间的时域信道响应，并利用直达波在不同阵元相对于参考阵元的到达时间差，通过序贯方法，利用射线模型和声速剖面信息，对水面舰船距接收阵的距离进行了估计。通过处理海深约为580 m的2016年美国圣巴巴拉海峡的实验数据，对1.6~3.5 km直达声区范围内Anna Maersk商船与垂直阵之间的距离进行了估计，验证了测距方法的有效性，并将结果与系统测量值和几何方法的估计值进行了比较。由于该方法不需要对海底参数进行估计，所以在海底参数未知时要优于传统匹配场方法；在声速剖面存在跃层且海底为多层分布的复杂信道条件下，该方法仍能对距离进行有效估计，且与测量值的相对误差在6%以内，小于几何方法的估计误差，测距结果精度较高。     

强度解调型光纤光栅温度传感实验

光纤光栅在工程上应用广泛,但由于存在解调系统复杂、成本高,尤其是需要使用光纤光谱仪等波长解调仪器,使得光纤光栅很难走入本科教学的实验课堂.本文提出了一种基于窄线宽DFB激光器的强度解调方案,极大地简化了光纤光栅传感器的解调系统,完全满足较高分辨率和实时检测的系统要求.合理安排的温度传感实验可以非常直观地展示光纤光栅的线性传感性能,使得工程化的光纤光栅传感技术轻松走进本科教学课堂,具有极高的推广和应用潜力.     

基于三维荧光光谱法和PARAFAC对多环芳烃定性定量分析

三维荧光光谱法在研究多环芳烃(PAHs)类物质的荧光信息时起到了重要作用。多环芳烃类物质具有致癌性,难降解性,多由尾气排放,垃圾焚烧产生,危害着人类健康及环境,因此人们不断探索对多环芳烃检测的方法。实验选取多环芳烃中的苊和萘作为检测物质,利用FLS920荧光光谱仪,为避免荧光光谱仪本身产生的瑞利散射影响,设置起始的发射波长滞后激发波长40 nm,设置扫描的激发波长(λex)范围为:200~370 nm,发射波长(λem)范围为:240~390 nm,对多环芳烃进行荧光扫描获取荧光数据,采用三维荧光光谱技术结合平行因子算法对混合溶液中的苊和萘进行定性定量分析。实验选用的苊和萘均购于阿拉丁试剂官网,配制浓度为10 mg·L-1的一级储备液,再将一级储备液稀释,得到苊和萘浓度为0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3,3.5,4和4.5 mg·L-1的二级储备液,并将苊和萘进行混合。在进行光谱分析前需要对苊和萘的光谱进行预处理,采用空白扣除法扣除拉曼散射的影响,并采用集合经验模态分解(EEMD)消除干扰噪声。实验测得苊存在两个波峰,位于λex=298 nm,λem=324/338 nm处,萘存在一个波峰,位于λex=280 nm,λem=322 nm处。选用的PARAFAC算法对组分数的的选择很敏感,因此采用核一致诊断法预估组分数,估计值2和3的核一致值都在60%以上,分别对混合样品进行了2因子和3因子的PARAFAC分解,将分解后得到的激发发射光谱数据和各组分浓度数据进行归一化处理,并绘制光谱图,与归一化处理后的真实的激发发射光谱图和各组分浓度图进行对比。同时将PARAFAC得到的混合样本的预测浓度,通过计算回收率(R)和均方根误差(RMSEP)来判定定量分析的准确度。选择2因子时,各混合样品中苊和萘拟合度为95.7%和96.7%,平均回收率分别为101.8%和98.9%,均方根误差分别为0.0187和0.0316;选择3因子时,各混合样品中苊和萘拟合度为95.3%和95.8%,平均回收率分别为97%和102.5%,均方根误差分别为0.033和0.116,由三项指标可得选用2因子进行定性定量分析的效果明显好于选用3因子。分析实验结果表明,基于三维荧光光谱法和PARAFAC算法对混合样品进行定性定量分析,能够有效的判定混合样品的类别,同时能够成功的预测出混合样品的浓度。